![]() This number, >10 5 for one organism, is considered significant. Many of the Gram negative bacteria residing in the GI tract are members of the Family Enterobacteriaceae. Found in water, soil, sewage, vegetatable, human and animal intestine. In this example, there are over 100,000 colonies/mL. The Gram-negative bacilli that are not in the Enterobacteriaceae family are composed of several families but are collectively called Non-Enterobacteriaceae or. Pasteurella Pseudomonas Gram-negative motile aerobic rods Versatile, Catalase +, Oxidase + Biofilm (Biofilm mucoid strains of Pseudomonas are also less susceptible to antibiotics). The number of colonies present is multiplied by 1000. ![]() Since collection of urine for culture by voiding is inherently a nonsterile method with contamination by perineal bacteria, then one criterion for assessment of a true infection is a "colony count" performed using a calibrated loop, with 0.001 mL of the urine sample plated onto culture media and incubated. Phenotypic identification of gram-negative bacteria from Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients carries a high risk of misidentification. ![]() To avoid misidentification, perform an oxidase test on all Gram-negative rods. Infections that are recurrent or more severe can be assessed with microbiologic culture and antibiotic sensitivity to choose the best treatment. Nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, are important nosocomial pathogens contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality, while others are being increasingly recognized as clinical pathogens. Oxidase test is most helpful in screening colonies suspected of being a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family all the members of the Enterobacteriaceae family including E. Uncomplicated UTIs can be treated empirically. Though many species of bacteria can be implicated in UTIs, the most common are given above. Bacteria are the most common organisms implicated, most often the Enterobacteriaceae, and the majority are due to E. Helicobacter pylori is also a curved, flagellated, small gram-negative rod that is distinguished by being catalase, oxidase, and ureaase positive. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, and most are uncomplicated.
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![]() Reflection of sound waves off of surfaces is also affected by the shape of the surface. There will be an echo instead of a reverberation. In this case, the arrival of the second sound wave will be perceived as a second sound rather than the prolonging of the first sound. If the elapsed time between the arrivals of the two sound waves is more than 0.1 seconds, then the sensation of the first sound will have died out. Echoes occur when a reflected sound wave reaches the ear more than 0.1 seconds after the original sound wave was heard. Echoes are different than reverberations. ![]() Reflection of sound waves also leads to echoes. ![]() For this reason, auditorium and concert hall designers prefer construction materials that are rough rather than smooth. This allows a spectator to perceive sounds from every part of the room, making it seem lively and full. Rough walls tend to diffuse sound, reflecting it in a variety of directions. The auditorium would not seem to be as lively and full of sound. Subsequently the use of smooth walls in an auditorium will cause spectators to receive a large amount of sound from one location along the wall there would be only one possible path by which sound waves could travel from the speakers to the listener. Smooth walls have a tendency to direct sound waves in a specific direction. In auditoriums and concert halls, reverberations occasionally occur and lead to the displeasing garbling of a sound.īut reflection of sound waves in auditoriums and concert halls do not always lead to displeasing results, especially if the reflections are designed right. Perhaps you have observed reverberations when talking in an empty room, when honking the horn while driving through a highway tunnel or underpass, or when singing in the shower. This is why reverberations are common in rooms with dimensions of approximately 17 meters or less. Since sound waves travel at about 340 m/s at room temperature, it will take approximately 0.1 s for a sound to travel the length of a 17 meter room and back, thus causing a reverberation ( recall from Lesson 2, t = d/v = (34 m)/(340 m/s) = 0.1 s). The reception of multiple reflections off of walls and ceilings within 0.1 seconds of each other causes reverberations - the prolonging of a sound. If a reflected sound wave reaches the ear within 0.1 seconds of the initial sound, then it seems to the person that the sound is prolonged. Why the magical 17 meters? The effect of a particular sound wave upon the brain endures for more than a tiny fraction of a second the human brain keeps a sound in memory for up to 0.1 seconds. A reverberation often occurs in a small room with height, width, and length dimensions of approximately 17 meters or less. Reflection of sound waves off of surfaces can lead to one of two phenomena - an echo or a reverberation. This gives the room more pleasing acoustic properties. These materials are more similar to air than concrete and thus have a greater ability to absorb sound. Walls and ceilings of concert halls are made softer materials such as fiberglass and acoustic tiles. ![]() A hard material such as concrete is as dissimilar as can be to the air through which the sound moves subsequently, most of the sound wave is reflected by the walls and little is absorbed. For this reason, acoustically minded builders of auditoriums and concert halls avoid the use of hard, smooth materials in the construction of their inside halls. As discussed in the previous part of Lesson 3, the amount of reflection is dependent upon the dissimilarity of the two media. When a wave reaches the boundary between one medium another medium, a portion of the wave undergoes reflection and a portion of the wave undergoes transmission across the boundary. In this part of Lesson 3, we will investigate behaviors that have already been discussed in a previous unit and apply them towards the reflection, diffraction, and refraction of sound waves. Possible behaviors include reflection off the obstacle, diffraction around the obstacle, and transmission (accompanied by refraction) into the obstacle or new medium. Rather, a sound wave will undergo certain behaviors when it encounters the end of the medium or an obstacle. Like any wave, a sound wave doesn't just stop when it reaches the end of the medium or when it encounters an obstacle in its path. ![]() If you’ve read our previous post on the history of Someįoil kites may need several bridle lines to help maintain their shape. WhenĪir fills up these pockets, the kite becomes semi-rigid and begins to fly. Surface, which are further divided by vertical ribs into smaller cells. This makes them much less likely to break on impact even when they crash against hard surfaces, making them the perfect kite for beginners. Parafoil KitesĪlso known as foil kites, parafoil kites have one defining factor that differentiates them from the previous types of kites – they do not have a frame. Mylar sheets are also popularly used to make these kites. The best part about diamond kites is that you can make them from almost any available material including plastic sheets and freezer bags. Some of the earliest diamond kites were made of paper, but we can now find diamond kites made of rip stop nylon to give it more durability. Have tails attached to the center or at the wing tips to maintain stability in You can find both single-line and dual-lineĭelta kites for all skill ranges depending on what you need. Delta kites are shaped like a triangle with a keel holding the spine straight and rigid while a spreader helps maintain its triangular shape. It is also the kite that most beginners start out with because it’s easy to launch and fly even in light breeze. ![]() ![]() The delta kite is easily one of the most popular kites in the world. All of which vary in popularity, complexity, usage and material. This post will review the 8 different types of kites you can fly: Delta Kites, Diamond Kites, Foil Kites, Cellular Kites, Sled Kites, Rokkakus Kites, Stunt Kites, and Traction Kites. There are plenty of other kites besides these two that you can try out, such as stunt kites and prism kites, and they can be equally fun to fly. You probably know all about the delta and the diamond now as they are the most popular kites universally and have become somewhat of a household name. Seeing all those kites may have even piqued your interest about the different types of kites you can fly. If you’ve ever attended a kite festival, you might have come across a wide variety of kites in all sorts of designs and in every possible shade. ![]() I even looked at extra templates you can download from the PCM site and just more cutesy junk. PCM has losts of cutesy templates but if you want serious looking templates then you are out of luck. I was really, really disappointed with the collage template options. The PCM file only downloads to the “My Pictures” folder. The program automatically downloads a PCM file! Good luck opening this file with any program but PCM. I did try to make a collage with a free 15 day trial of Picture Collage Maker (PCM) and I ended up deleting the program from my computer within one day! The output options are absolutely pathetic! 800 × 600, pixels, is the highest quality jpeg you can turn out! Even this output option has quirky limitations. Even this “free” trial period comes with limited functionality and other problems. ![]() The only thing free is the “free” trial period. Some sites are switch and bait sites and you find out they are actually selling a collage maker that you can download for a fee. The collage maker should do the aligning and resizing for you! If you are doing the aligning and resizing then you are not working with a collage maker! You can make a collage with just about any graphics program and even Word but you will spend ten times more time aligning and resizing the photos than with a specialized collage maker and in the end the results may not be very professional looking. With a collage maker you just drag and dump your pictures into the cells of the template as opposed to carefully aligning and resizing your photos into a graphic program’s table. I think for someone who wants to make a quick collage of an event and post it on Facebook then this site is perfect.Īlso some sites advertise themselves as collage makers when they are really online graphic programs.Ī collage maker, as opposed to an all purpose graphics program, has templates. The collage making process was lightning fast and the interface is great. I do think the big pro of 16pics is the seamless and easy way you can make collages. The output is a puny 625 x 625 pixels but that’s just fine for online sharing. Definitely aimed at the Facebook crowd that wants to make a quick collage for social network purposes but useless for someone like myself who uses collages as visual advanced organizers for instruction. You cannot upload photos from your computer but you can upload photos from Picasa, Facebook and Photobucket. This online collage maker is free and has no watermark but as the name suggests, you can only make collages of 16 pictures and one template! However, multiple templates are supported when using a browser with HTML 5 support such as Chrome, Firefox, Safari or IE9. You will not run into this reliability problem with the big three collage makers.Īnother online collage maker with limited functionality is 16pics. I would assume traffic levels affect the reliability of the site. I figure you can actually make a 36 picture mosaic after about three or four false starts. However, if you do go for the 36 picture limit as I did for a poster, then you will find that the site does tend to crash and burn more often than not. Mosaic Maker is probably the best tool online for making a collage with square graphics. You can also fiddle with the spacing of the borders and the color of the border. You have a lot of shadowing options with the tiles as well. You can control the number of rows from 1-36 and the number of columns from 1-36 for a total of 36 pictures. Mosaic Maker, at Big Huge Labs, can handle square tiles! You have many output options. Hockneyizer is fun but limited in functionality. Bloggif offers a very buggy and very limited collage maker.īig Huge Labs has a couple of very specialized collage makers. For example, PosterMyWall only allows you to upload pictures from Facebook. Some have extreme functional limitations. Some do not allow you to download your collage to your computer. You will find that many of the so called ‘free” online collage makers are not free. If you look for a free online photo collage maker then you will run into a lot of dead ends. ![]() The crystal is formed with hematite and water. Tangerine quartz comes from the Santinho mine in Minas Gerais, Brazil's mining capital, and in Madagascar. Quartz sand is used in producing fiberglass, container glass, flat plate glass, and specialty glass. Quartz crystals are used in creating radios, transistors, microphones, digital watches, computer chips, and electric guitars. ![]() Today, the mineral remains to be an indispensable component in creating electronic devices due to its ability to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. In ancient Egypt, the mineral was an important material in making beads, amulets, impression seals, and various jewelry pieces. They may have also used it as a stamp for producing written impressions in clay. The Sumerians fashioned quartz into cylinder seals and ring seals. The use of quartz traces back to ancient times. The name quartz comes from the old German word querkluftertz meaning cross-vein ore. The name was first used in 1530 by Georgius Agricola, the father of mineralogy.Īncient Greeks and Romans referred to quartz crystals as krustallos meaning ice. They believed that the mineral was ice that never melted because it was created by the gods themselves. Tangerine quartz was named after its colour which can vary from red to orange. It easily forms rounded or shell-like conchoidal fractures when subjected to impact This is why quartz crystals naturally have marks or grooves on their surface. The crystal may be durable but it's also very brittle. Unlike other minerals that dissolve in weaker acids, quartz is only soluble in hydrofluoric acid. It remains very stable even when exposed to extreme temperatures and harsh chemicals. ![]() Quartz has a Mohs hardness rating of 7 making it a highly durable mineral. Tangerine quartz specimens can be light yellow to a deep rusty orange (almost the colour red). As it precipitates, hematite creates a rusty coating inside or on the surface of the clear quartz crystal. What gives the crystal its red to orange colour? This colouration is the result of the mineral hematite being encrusted in the quartz crystal.Īs an iron stone, hematite rusts when combined with water. Naturally occurring tangerine quartz is a silicon dioxide mineral and a variety of quartz. ![]() Tangerine quartz is also thought to enhance sexuality and creativity.ĬOLLECTORS’ INFORMATION: Tangerine quartz is collected for its distinctive orange colors and unusual association with hematite.The Physical Properties of Tangerine Quartz METAPHYSICAL PROPERTIES, LORE, USES: According to metaphysical practitioners, tangerine quartz is a healing stone for trauma or shock that is often used in past-life healing where one needs to come to terms with previous regrettable actions. Tangerine quartz must not be confused with citrine, the golden-yellow gem variety of macrocrystalline quartz. It has a Mohs hardness of 7.0, conchoidal fracture, dull luster, and specific gravity of 2.65. The quartz itself is transparent and colorless, but the hematite coating makes the crystals appear sub-transparent to sub-opaque. It colors range from light yellow-orange to intense rusty orange. Tangerine quartz crystallizes in the hexagonal system and occurs mainly in granite pegmatites and metamorphic environments as short-to-long, horizontally striated, hexagonal, prismatic crystals with pyramidal terminations. MINERALOGY, PROPERTIES, OCCURRENCE: The physical properties of tangerine quartz are the same as those of quartz, with the exception of its diagnostic, yellow-orange to orange colors, which are created by a uniform coating of particulate hematite. Its primary source is Minas Gerais, Brazil. Tangerine quartz has few collecting localities. HISTORY, NAME, LOCALITIES: Tangerine quartz is the uncommon, orange variety of quartz. or a cave Generation 8 - B1F Walking Walking in grass or a cave secret entrance wayward cave. ![]() In Hisui, Wayward Cave is part of the Coronet Highlands, located in the southern portion of this area. where is the secret entrance to wayward cave - Pokemon. 1F is dark, but can be lit up with Flash. The Nuzlocke Run of the Month is a monthly community run where you compete for the high score! To enter it, join the Discord, and visit #nrotm-discussion and #nrotm-announcements. Additionally, in Pokmon Diamond, Pearl, Brilliant Diamond, and Shining Pearl, Strength is required to access B1F. This Wayward Cave guide includes how to find both the main entrance and the secret entrance, a Wayward Cave Map, where to find every important item like TM26 Earthquake, how to find Gible, and. More info on the Nuzlocke challenge can be found here and on our Wiki page. ![]() You can only catch the first pokemon you see on a route, and only one per route.įeel free to post your personal stories, comics, screenshots, and anything really, as long as it is Nuzlocke-related. Posted about my SAB listing a few weeks ago about not showing up in search only when you entered the exact name.If your pokemon faints, it's dead and you have to release it or box it permanently.The Nuzlocke Challenge is a set of rules intended to create a higher level of difficulty while playing the Pokémon games. Underneath the Bicycle Path is Route 206, where you can find the entrance to Wayward Cave in Pokemon Brilliant Diamond and Shining Pearl. ![]() You can share the occasional video update or screenshot, but do not make multiple posts sharing Let's Play videos over the course of a single day. Please visit/contribute to our Wiki! Route Chart App by Pseudo(Great tool!) Check out the Nuzlocke Forums! Submission GuidelinesĪre you submitting regular video, comic or story updates? If so, please FLAIR your posts accordingly!ĭo NOT Spam posts. Route 206 in Diamond and Pearl Route 206 (Japanese: 206 Route 206) is a route in central Sinnoh, connecting Eterna City. ![]() ![]() Jaxsan-coated polyfoam, muslin, nylon webbing, rope, leather, wood, acrylic, spandex, plastic wood, latex, wool, vinyl, cotton, chain, elastic, springs Puppets built by Katie George, Chris Brown, Bob Lynch We present here five vastly different puppet approaches to the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth that are fashioned into wrestlers, birds, household objects, gumball-machine ninjas, and Cubist-inspired marionettes. Many puppet artists have been drawn to Macbeth’s bloody murders, witchcraft, supernatural atmosphere, and hallucinations caused by fear and guilt. Propelled by his wife and driven by lust for power, Macbeth kills those who stand in the way of kingship. Macbeth tells of a Scottish general who takes to heart the prophecy of three strange women that he will be king. This exhibition celebrates objects as legitimate actors for dramatic literature and the capacities of Shakespeare’s plays as frameworks for exploring relations among people, things, and the world. Puppets cast new light on dramatic characters and situations. Rather, they cast non-humans in roles to reveal metaphorical substrates of Shakespeare’s plays. They deploy them not simply to replace human thespians with miniature actors. The modern and contemporary artists in this exhibition recognize the dramatic potential in puppets and everyday objects. More recently, puppets have been used in Shakespeare’s plays to perform the roles of children and animals, since they are easier to handle. Shakespeare has been puppet-ized in order to introduce the classics to new audiences, to draw on the playwright’s cultural cachet, or to appropriate his compelling stories. Less well known are the many puppet versions of his dramas performed since the early seventeenth century. The plays of William Shakespeare (1564-1616) have been produced with human actors globally for over four centuries. ![]() A simple request can be processed faster by the agency than one that is complex. The time it takes to respond to a request will vary depending on the complexity of the request and any backlog of requests already pending at the agency. How long will it take before I get a response?Īgencies typically process requests in the order of receipt. ![]() The FOIA does not require agencies to create new records or to conduct research, analyze data, or answer questions when responding to requests. You can also specify the format in which you wish to receive the records (for example, printed or electronic form). What can I ask for under the FOIA?Ī FOIA request can be made for any agency record. There is no specific form that must be used to make a request. Is there a special form I have to use to make a FOIA request? ![]() See the list of federal agencies for details about how to make a request to each agency and any specific requirements for seeking certain records. Most federal agencies now accept FOIA requests electronically, including by web form, e-mail or fax. The request simply must be in writing and reasonably describe the records you seek. If the information you want is not publicly available, you can submit a FOIA request to the agency’s FOIA Office. You can also search for information agencies have already posted online here on. You can find a lot of useful information on a range of topics on each agency’s website. Please review the YouTube Terms of Serviceīefore making a request, first look to see if the information you are interested in is already publicly available. Videos on this page are hosted on YouTube. ![]()
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